trợ từ
Definition
- Particle:
- A word placed after another word or at the end of a sentence to add emotional nuance, making speech sound more emphatic, intimate, gentle, or vivid. It does not carry primary lexical meaning but modifies the tone or mood of the utterance.
Usage Examples
- Particle:
- Anh đi nhé. (You go, okay?)
- Đẹp quá nhỉ! (So beautiful, isn't it!)
- Con ngoan ru. (Be good, darling.)
Advanced Usage
- Final Particle: Used at the end of declarative, interrogative, or imperative sentences to convey the speaker's attitude.
- Hôm nay lạnh thế. (It's so cold today. [expressing feeling])
- Làm thế này có được không? (Is it okay to do it like this? [softening the question])
Variants and Related Words
- Thán từ (Interjection): A word class used to express sudden emotion or reaction (e.g., ), distinct from but sometimes grouped with particles.
- Từ đệm (Filler word): A general term for words that pad or fill speech, closely related to the concept of particles.
Synonyms
- Modal particle: A linguistic term for particles that express modality or attitude.
- Sentence-final particle: Specifically indicates particles used at the end of a sentence.
Related Concepts
- Emphatic Particle: A particle used to add emphasis or strength to a statement.
- Tôi nói thật đấy. (I'm telling the truth, I am.)
- Intimate Particle: A particle used to create a tone of intimacy, gentleness, or affection, often used when speaking to children or close friends.
- Ngủ đi con. (Go to sleep, my child.)